The fortified John Hallowes Site and Richard Henry Lee’s later home at Chantilly represent two distinct archaeological sites connected through one historic landscape along Currioman Bay. Explore how archaeology reveals more than a century of conflict, trade, settlement, and change in Westmoreland County.

Augustine Herrman, Virginia and Maryland as it is Planted and Inhabited this present year 1670 . Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division. The landscape that became Westmoreland County in 1653 was already a long established Indigenous world shaped by water, movement, and relationship. The Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers formed the core of that world, not as dividing lines, but as connected corridors through which people, goods, and knowledge moved across the Chesapeake

Archaeological tobacco pipe fragments from Westmoreland County and Nomini Plantation reveal a complex world of craftsmanship, cultural exchange, and early Chesapeake identity. These small but highly expressive objects reflect Indigenous traditions, colonial adaptation, and the emergence of locally made pipe industries in seventeenth century Virginia.